NEW WORDS

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Word	Meaning
Gastropub	A pub which, in addition to beer and alcoholic drinks, offers gastronomic cuisine.
Gastrosexuals	A new generation of men who see cooking more as a hobby than a household chore, and use their cooking skills to impress friends and potential partners.
Gastrosexuals	A new generation of men who see cooking more as a hobby than a household chore, and use their cooking skills to impress friends and potential partners.
Geek	A person obsessively concentrated on a particular interest, especially new technological devices.
Glad rags	Your best clothes or dressy clothes you wear on special occasions.
Glamping	Blend of 'glamour' and 'camping'. Luxury camping : sleeping in the open but with every comfort including cooking equipment.
Glass cliff	Refers to a situation where women are selected for positions when there is a strong likelihood of failure.
Gran-lit	Blend of 'granny' and 'literature'. Books that appeal more to older people.
Greycation	Going on holiday or vacation with grandparents in order to reduce the cost.
Guesstimate	Blend of 'guess' and 'estimate'. A rough estimate without any claim of accuracy.
Hacktivist	A person who manipulates information on the internet in order to transmit a message, usually political.
Hashtag	The # symbol (hashtag) is used on social networking services such as Twitter to identify a keyword or topic of interest and search for messages (tweets) related to the subject.
Hater	A social networking app which allows people to share their dislikes.
Haycation	A holiday or vacation spent on a farm.
HENRY	Abbreviation of high earner not rich yet; refers to a person with an income between $100,000 and $250,000.
Hoody or hoodie	A person, especially a youth, wearing a hooded top.
Hotspot	Location in which wireless Internet access is available for example airports, hotels, train stations, etc.
ICE number	In Case of Emergency The telephone number of a friend or relative who should be contacted in an emergency situation. The ICE number is stored in your mobile phone and identified in your address book by the prefix ICE. ex: ICE1 or ICE Mum.
Impactful	Having a great impact or effect, or making a strong impression.
Infomania	Constantly checking and responding to email and text messages.
Infotainment	Blend of 'information' and 'entertainment'. Online services connected to information and leisure activities.
It bag	High-priced designer handbag that is the bag "of the moment", or a "must-have" item.
It girl	A girl who has become a celebrity more through intense media coverage than through any personal achievements (e.g. Paris Hilton).
Jigsaw family	A family which includes the children from each partner's previous relationship(s), in addition to any children they may have together.
Jumbrella	Blend of 'jumbo' and 'umbrella'. Very large umbrella set above tables outdoors at a coffee shop, pub or restaurant.
Landline	A telephone connected to wires in a fixed location as opposed to a mobile or cell phone.
Laymanise/laymanize	To simplify technical information so that it can be understood by ordinary people or non-specialists.
Locavore	A person who only eats food produced locally.
Mailbomb	To deliberately try to disrupt another computer system by sending massive amounts of email to it.
Me time	A period of time spent exclusively on yourself doing something that you enjoy and allows you to relax.
Meh	Interjection used to express indifference or to show that one simply does not care. Equivalent to shrugging one’s shoulders. Used as an adjective it means 'mediocre'.
Meritocracy	The idea that merit and individual effort determine one's success rather than wealth or birth.
Mocktail	Non-alcoholic drink that looks like a cocktail.
Nail tat	A temporary tattoo applied to the nails.
Nano break	A one-night holiday, or going away from home for one night.
Netbook	Small laptop computer which weighs less than 3 pounds and has a 7 to 10 inch screen.
Netiquette	Blend of 'network' and 'etiquette'. Set of rules governing appropriate behaviour and courtesy on the internet.
Netizen	Blend of 'internet' and 'citizen'. A person who spends an excessive amount of time on the internet.
Netpicker	A person who surfs the internet looking for information in order to impress others with their knowledge of current events.
Nevertiree	A person who continues to work after they have reached the age of retirement.
Newbie	A new member of any group, community, or activity.

Word	Meaning
Nonliner	Someone who rarely or never uses the Internet, usually because they cannot access it.
Noogler	New Google employee
Notspot	An area where there is slow Internet access or no connection at all.
Noughties	The years between 2000 and 2009 which contain a 'nought' (zero), in the same way as other decades are called the 'thirties', 'sixties', etc .
Offshorable	Something that can be done or produced in another country, especially at reduced costs.
OH	Abbreviation of 'other half', a person's wife, husband or partner.
Omnishambles	A totally mismanaged situation characterized by numerous blunders and miscalculations.
Onesie	A one-piece garment for adults, rather like a baby’s sleeping suit, usually made of soft material and worn for relaxing or sleeping.
Optics	The way a situation appears to the general public, or the impression it gives.
Outernet	Traditional media (newspapers, magazines, radio, television) as opposed to the internet.
Overparenting	Being excessively protective of one's children in order to guarantee their safety and ensure their success in life.
Oversharing	Providing too much information on the Internet (credit card details, personal information, etc.) especially through social network sites.
Overworking class	A segment of today's working population where there is a desire or need to work long hours.
Password fatigue	Being tired of having to remember a large number of passwords for different electronic devises.
Password wallet	An online service where a person’s passwords can be stored and managed.
Paywall	A system which restricts access to a website, or certain webpage content, to users who have paid a subscription.
Photobomb	Intrude into the background of a photograph just before it is taken.
Pixie cut	A short hairstyle for women in which the hair is cut around the ears and cropped in layers so as to create a tousled effect.
Podcast	Derived from 'pod' (from Ipod) and 'broadcast'. A digital file (radio, audio etc.) available on the Internet for downloading to a computer or mobile device.
Quintastic	A blend of the adjective 'fantastic' and the prefix 'quin'. An informal way of referring to a person who is aged fifty or over but remains sexy, smart, energetic and successful, especially someone famous. In August 2011 President Barack Obama became a quintastic.
Recessionista	Popular new term for a person who succeeds in dressing stylishly on a tight budget.
Ringtone	The sound made by a mobile or cell phone to indicate an incoming call.
Road rage	Aggressive habits often resulting in violence against other drivers.
Robocall	Commercial telemarketing call which plays a recorded message.
Sandwich generation	A generation of people who care for the needs of their children as well as those of their own elderly parents.
Screenager	A young person or teenager who spends a lot of time in front of the computer screen.
Selfie	A photograph that one has taken of oneself (for example a photograph taken with a smartphone).
Shabby-chic	Cottage-style decor achieved by using worn or “distressed” furniture and neutral-coloured fabrics, or new items suitably treated to appear old and look comfortable. The result is an elegant overall effect.
Solopreneur	A person who is the owner of their business and runs it alone.
Speed dating	A method of meeting a potential romantic partner by talking to a group of individuals at an organised event. Participants are rotated to meet each other for no more than eight minutes. They then move on to the next person. At the end they indicate whether they are interested in any of the people they have met.
Sitcom	Blend of 'situation' and 'comedy'. A drama, on television, based on humorous everyday situations.
Slumdog	Very poor, underprivileged person who lives in an overcrowded squalid area of a city called a slum
Smirt	Blend of 'smoke' and 'flirt' Smoking prohibition laws have led to a new sort of social pastime : 'smirting', smokers getting to know each other when outside on the pavement.
Subprime/sub-prime	The adjective subprime describes a risky loan, or lending money at a higher rate of interest to borrowers who have a poor credit history.

Snail mail The standard system of delivering mail which is very slow in contrast to electronic mail. Sofalise/sofalize Stay home and use the internet, phone or other electronic device to communicate with people (social networking, chatting, tweeting, etc.), rather than go out and meet them face to face. Spinnish The language used by spin doctors, spokes-persons, campaign managers, etc. when trying to present information in a favourable light. Staycation A vacation in which you stay at home and relax or visit places close to where you live. Street food Food prepared and sold by vendors in a street or a public location for immediate consumption. Sudoku A number placement puzzle consisting of a grid of nine 3-by-3 squares. Each row, column and square must contain only one instance of the numbers 1 to 9. Textonym A word produced by predictive text software when you press a  combination of numbers on the keypad of a mobile phone. Textspeak Language used in text messages consisting of abbreviations, acronyms, initials, emoticons, etc. Textual harassment Sending text messages to mobile phones which insult or abuse people. Tombstoning Jumping or diving into water from a dangerously high place such as a hotel balcony, a cliff, bridge, wall, roof, etc. Trashion Blend of 'trash' and 'fashion'. Fashionable items created from old, used and recycled elements. Trekkie A fan of the TV science fiction series Star Trek. Tribal marketing Marketing strategy which consists in using the social behaviour of certain groups ('tribes') of consumers (e.g. surfers, rappers) to promote a product or service. Very often used by clothing and accessory brands. Tweeps Blend of 'Twitter' and 'peeps' (people). Users who follow you on Twitter. Tweet People who 'tweet' send short messages via the microblogging service Twitter. Tweetheart A user of the Twitter service who is very popular or admired, or with whom other users communicate a lot. Tweet seats Seats in a theatre or concert hall given to people who wish to tweet during the performance. Twintern Blend of 'Twitter' and 'intern'. A person, usually a student or recent graduate, employed by a company to promote its products or services on Twitter or other social media. Twitterati People who frequently use the social networking site Twitter. Twittion Blend of 'Twitter' and 'petition',  a Twitter petition. Trolling Being provocatively rude or insulting on the Internet in order to cause anger or conflict in an online community such as a blog, chat room or discussion forum. Unfollow Stop receiving another's person's messages on Twitter. Unfriend Remove someone from your list of friends on social networks such as Facebook. Upskill Teach an employee new or additional skills. UX Short for 'user experience'. Videophile Person who is very interested in watching videos and making recordings, and values high-quality results. Viral marketing Marketing strategy that consists in encouraging people to pass along information to friends, family and colleagues through e-mail messages, blogs, video-sharing, etc., so that the marketing message spreads like a virus. Vook A combination of video, text, images and social streams in an electronic book. Web rage Anger or frustration as a result of difficulties or problems encountered when using the Internet. Webinar Presentation or seminar conducted over the web. Weblish A form of English that is used on the web (use of abbreviations, acronyms, small letters, absence of punctuation and hyphens etc.) Also known as : webspeak, netspeak, internetese. Widget Blend of 'window' and 'gadget'. A small application or tool that can be installed and executed within a web page. Wiki A web page which allows multiple users to contribute to its content. The most well-known is the website Wikipedia. Winterval Blend of 'winter' and 'festival'. A festival that takes place in winter. Wordle The words of a piece of text arranged into a sort of graphic. The more frequent a particular word appears in the text, the bigger its size in the wordle. (Also called 'word cloud' or 'text cloud'.) Zumba A fitness activity which combines lively international music with dance exercises.

Mistakes in the use of adjectives

Mistakes in the use of adjectives

May 1, 2012

Here is a list of errors that ESL students often make in the use of adjectives.

• Incorrect: She is more stronger than her sister.
• Correct: She is stronger than her sister.

Avoid double comparatives. Adjectives of one syllable usually form their comparatives by adding –er to the positive. Longer adjectives take more.

• Incorrect: Bombay is further from Delhi than Agra.
• Correct: Bombay is farther from Delhi than Agra.

Further means ‘additional’. Farther is used to talk about distance.

• Incorrect: You have much books.
• Correct: You have many books.

• Incorrect: I have many work to do.
• Correct: I have much work to do.

Use much with uncountable nouns. Use many with countable nouns.

• Incorrect: She is growing strong and strong everyday.
• Correct: She is growing stronger and stronger everyday.

The comparative form of the adjective is used in structures like these.

• Incorrect: Let’s go quiet somewhere.
• Correct: Let’s go somewhere quiet.

The adjective usually goes after expressions like somewhere.

• Incorrect: I can’t afford that a big car.
• Correct: I can’t afford that big a car.

Note the pattern: that + adjective + a/an + noun

• Incorrect: Tell me the last news.
• Correct: Tell me the latest news.

Latest means ‘the most recent’. Last means ‘the previous one’.

• Incorrect: I have less worries than you.
• Correct: I have fewer worries than you.

Use less with uncountable nouns. Use fewer with countable nouns.

• Incorrect: He wasted his all wealth.
• Correct: He wasted all his wealth.

Quantifiers like all, both and half go before possessives.

Read more at http://www.englishgrammar.org/mistakes-adjectives/#PUCecl7XWXAYmet9.99

Word order: position of adjectives

Different kinds of words go in different positions in a sentence. For example, nouns usually go at the beginning of a sentence. Adjectives usually go before nouns. They can also go after verbs. Nouns, too, can go after verbs. The main factor that determines the position of a word is its function. For example, a noun used as the subject of the verb has to go at the beginning of the sentence. A noun used as the object of a verb can only go after the verb. As the placement of words can significantly affect the meaning of a sentence it is important to learn the rules regarding the position of words. Here is a basic guide to word order in English.

Adjectives

Adjectives usually go before the nouns they modify.

• Susie is a beautiful girl. (Here the adjective beautiful goes immediately before the noun (girl) it modifies.)

More examples are given below.

• We met an interesting man.
• That was a wonderful experience.
• She is a great woman.

Note that we cannot put another word between an adjective and the noun it modifies. However, we can use any number of adjectives to modify the same noun.

• She married a tall, dark, handsome man.

When more than one adjective modify the same noun, we usually separate them using a comma. No commas are used to separate the last adjective in the series from the noun it modifies.

Adjectives can also go after linking verbs. Note that the most common linking verbs in English are: is, am, are, was, were, become, seem, appear, taste, feel, grow and turn.

When adjectives go after linking verbs, they usually describe the subject.

• Susie is beautiful. (Here the adjective beautiful describes the noun Susie.)
• The fish tasted funny. (Here the adjective funny describes the taste of the fish.)
• The night grew dark.
• The milk turned sour.
• I felt awful.